::::Television Final Version:::::

Since television was invented, it has attracted viewers with its fascinated program. It has been estimated that in developed countries, more than ninety per cent of household own at least one television set (Sharif 1999). Statistics show that full time workers in UK spent most of their leisure time on television, video and radio compared to other activities (UK Time Use Survey 2000). Issues have arisen whether television viewing is beneficial or harmful. Therefore, I strongly believe that television viewing brings more harms than benefits such as it affects the development of thinking, leads to unhealthy lifestyle and hinders academic achievement.

Firstly, one of the negative effects of television viewing is that it can adversely effect the development of thinking process of children. At such tender age, it is ease for them to be influenced with the life and behavior portrayed in television. Programs like ‘Friends’ for instance, will encourage the children to think that problem can be solved easily (Sharif 1999). But as they encounter harsh condition in real life, they might end up frustrated and give up easily. Moreover, research has shown that children are desensitized to violence as they continually exposed to the violent programs. To worst, even some of the violence scenes are aired at prime time. Additionally some of them might imitate their favorite character such as Superman without thinking further consequences (Sharif 1999).

Apart from that, another negative effect of watching television is that it leads to unhealthy lifestyle. It takes very little effort to turn off the television but for others, it seems like every ounce of will power is needed to do so (Rutherford 2002). With a prolonged period in front of television, it is known that children are not physically active (Sharif 1999). Plus they tend to have a snack while watching television which further causes obesity and other severe health problem (Rutherford 2002). It is undeniable that this sedentary activity can be harmful if it is done constantly to the exclusion of other activities such as exercise.

Furthermore, watching television is one of the reasons that contributes to low academic achievement. It is proven that children who are heavy viewers are among the lowest achievers at school. As watching television is a passive activity, such children may not develop the imaginative skills (Leigh 2001). These skills are essential in order to create fictitious characters which important in developing problem-solving and organizational ability. Besides when television is on, it is difficult for them to focus on other things like homework as television programs has been designed to create undivided attention (Leigh 2001). This time-wasting activity has consumed the time allocated to do the homework (Rutherford 2002).

As a conclusion, the viewing of unsuitable programmes especially for long periods can affect children thoroughly. Again I stress that television viewing can bring more detrimental effects compared to its advantages. Nevertheless, watching can be beneficial too if a person knows what is best for him or her.

::::Television 2nd draft::::

Since television was invented, it has attracted viewers with its fascinated program. It has been estimated that in developed countries, more than ninety per cent of household own at least one television set (Sharif 1999). Statistics shown that full time workers in UK spent most of their leisure time on television, video and radio compared to other activities (UK 2000 Time Use Survey). Issues have arisen whether television viewing is beneficial or harmful. I strongly believe that television viewing brings more harms than benefits such as it effects the development of thinking, lead to unhealthy lifestyle and low academic achievement.

Firstly, one of the negative effects of television viewing is that it can adversely effect the development of thinking process of children. At such tender age, it is ease for them to be influenced with the life and behavior portrayed in television. Programs like ‘Friends’ for instance, will encourage the children to think that problem can be solved easily (Sharif 1999). But as they encounter harsh condition in real life, they might end up frustrated and give up easily. Moreover, research has shown that children are desensitized to violence as they continually exposed to the violent programs. To worst, even some of the violence scenes are aired at prime time. Additionally some of them might imitate their favorite character such as Superman without thinking further consequences (Sharif 1999).

Apart from that, another negative effect of watching television is that it leads to unhealthy lifestyle. It takes very little effort to turn off the television but for others, it seems like every ounce of will power is needed to do so (Rutherford 2002). With a prolonged period in front of television, it is known that children are not physically active (Sharif 1999). Plus they tend to have a snack while watching television which further causes obesity and other severe health problem (Rutherford 2002). It is undeniable that this sedentary activity can be harmful if it is done constantly to the exclusion of other activities such as exercise.

Furthermore, watching television is one of the reasons that contribute to low academic achievement. It is proven that children who are heavy viewers are among the lowest achievers at school. As watching television is a passive activity, such children may not develop the imaginative skills (Leigh 2001). These skills are essential in order to create fictitious characters which important in developing problem-solving and organizational ability. Besides when television is on, it is difficult for them to focus on other things like homework as television programs has been designed to create undivided attention (Leigh 2001). This time-wasting activity has consumed the time allocated to do the homework (Rutherford 2002).

As a conclusion, the viewing of unsuitable program especially for long periods can affect children thoroughly. Again I stress that television viewing can bring more detrimental effect compared to its advantages. Nevertheless, watching can be beneficial too if a person know what it best for him or her.

::::Television 1st Draft:::::

Since television was invented, it has attracted viewers with its fascinated program. It has been estimated that in developed countries, more than ninety per cent of household own at least one television set (Sharif 1999). Statistics shown that full time workers in UK spent most of their leisure time on television, video and radio compared to other activities (UK 2000 Time Use Survey). Issues have arisen whether television viewing is beneficial or harmful. I strongly believe that television viewing brings more harms than benefits such as it effects the development of thinking, lead to unhealthy lifestyle and low academic achievement.

Firstly, one of the negative effects of television viewing is that it can adversely effect the development of thinking process of children. At such tender age, it is ease for them to be influenced with the life and behavior portrayed in television. Programs like ‘Friends’ for instance, will encourage the children to think that problem can be solved easily (Sharif 1999). But as they encounter harsh condition in real life, they might end up frustrated and give up easily. Besides, research has shown that children are desensitized to violence as they continually exposed to the violent programs. To worst, even some of the violence scenes are aired at prime time. Additionally some of them might imitate their favorite character such as Superman without thinking further consequences (Sharif 1999).

Apart from that, another negative effect of watching television is that it leads to unhealthy lifestyle. It takes very little effort to turn off the television but for others, it seems like every ounce of will power is needed to do so. With a prolonged period in front of television, it is known that children are not physically active (Sharif 1999). Plus they tend to have a snack while watching television which further causes obesity and other severe health problem (Rutherford 2002). It is undeniable that this sedentary activity can be harmful if it is done constantly to the exclusion of other activities such as exercise.

Furthermore, watching television is one of the reasons that contribute to low academic achievement. It is proven that children who are heavy viewers are among the lowest achievers at school. As watching television is a passive activity, such children may not develop the imaginative skills (Leigh 2001). These skills are essential in order to create fictitious characters which important in developing problem-solving and organizational ability. Besides when television is on, it is difficult for them to focus on other things like homework as television programs has been designed to create undivided attention (Leigh 2001). This time-wasting activity has consumed the time allocated to do the homework (Rutherford 2002).

As a conclusion, the viewing of unsuitable program especially for long periods can affect children thoroughly. Again I stress that television viewing can bring more detrimental effect compared to its advantages. Nevertheless, watching can be beneficial too if a person know what it best for him or her.

===Junk Food Second Draft Woo~===

The term ‘junk food’ refers to food that contains low nutritional value includes takeaway foods, pre-packaged meals and sugary snack foods (Tran 2005). Over the past 30 years, the nutritional value of food eaten by Australian children has been falling tremendously due to the increased availability and consumption of junk food. Recently there is issue arises whether the sale of junk food should be banned or not. I go for banning because the consumption of junk food brings a lot of disadvantages than benefit.

One of the reasons I choose for banning is because junk food generally contain a high amount of fat, salt or sugar. This is the reason why junk food has a lot of flavor plus some of it contains synthetic flavor enhancers. Most of the junk foods has chemical additives which to enhance flavour and colour besides increase the shelf life (Smith 2005). It is proven that all these additives causes behavioural problems in children. Hyperactivity and poor concentration are some of the examples of it (Smith 2005).

Apart from that, junk food can contribute to the youth weight gain. The intake of potato chips, chocolate bars and instant noodles just to name a few can raise the kilojoules and lead to weight gain (Tran 2005). All these food is high in fat and sugar. Even most of the young people nowadays do not get enough physical activity which worsening the situation. Childhood obesity can lead to more serious cases in future such as heart disease, osteoarthritis and some cancers. Plus, the sale of soft drinks in school has decline the dental health of Australia’s primary-school children (Tran 2005).

Another reason is the sale of junk food contributes to litter problem. The fast food packaging is the main contributor to this problem. There are cans, crisp packets, cartons and plastics containers everywhere around the school compounds (The Food Show 2005). As the litter problems arise, school has to spend extra money for the cleaning costs. If the sale of junk food be banned, the school grounds man will spent less time to clear the ground and more time can be spend on maintenance projects that benefits the school. School which has reduced the sale of junk food also reduced their litter problem. Indirectly, this can create a negative image for our communities (Smith 2005).

In conclusion, it is essential for students to get enough nutrients for healthy development and growth. With lack of nutrients, their learning ability might be reduced. Recently one particular school has removed the sale of junk food and soft drink in canteen and there are significance improvements in student’s behaviour in class. Students become much calmer after lunch time (The Food Show 2005). By banning the sale of junk food, school can educate and promote the students about the good nutrition and good eating habits as well. After all, school is the one who responsible for the welfare and safety of students including their health.

=====Junk Food 1st Draft Woo~=====

The term ‘junk food’ refers to food that contains low nutritional value includes takeaway foods, pre-packaged meals and sugary snack foods (Tran 2005). Over the past 30 years, the nutritional value of food eaten by Australian children has been falling tremendously due to the increased availability and consumption of junk food. Recently there is issue arises whether the sale of junk food should be banned or not. I choose for banning because the consumption of junk food brings a lot of disadvantages than benefit.

One of the reasons I choose for banning is because junk food typically contain a high amount of fat, salt or sugar. This is the reason why junk food has a lot of flavor plus some of it contains synthetic flavor enhancers. Most of the junk foods has chemical additives which to enhance flavour and colour besides increase the shelf life (Smith 2005). It is proven that all these additives causes behavioural problems in children. Hyperactivity and poor concentration are some of the examples of it (Smith 2005).

Another reason is the sale of junk food contributes to litter problem. The fast food packaging is the main contributor to this problem. There are cans, crisp packets, cartons and plastics containers everywhere around the school compounds (The Food Show 2005). As the litter problems arise, school has to spend extra money for the cleaning costs. If the sale of junk food be banned, the school grounds man will spent less time to clear the ground and more time can be spend on maintenance projects that benefits the school. School which has reduced the sale of junk food also reduced their litter problem. Besides, this will create a negative image for our communities indirectly (Smith 2005).

Apart from that, junk food can contribute to the youth weight gain. The intake of potato chips, chocolate bars and instant noodles just to name a few can raise the kilojoules and lead to weight gain (Tran 2005). All these food is high in fat and sugar. Even most of the young people nowadays do not get enough physical activity which worsening the situation. Childhood obesity can lead to more serious cases in future such as heart disease, osteoarthritis and some cancers. Plus, the sale of soft drinks in school has decline the dental health of Australia’s primary-school children (Tran 2005).

In conclusion, it is essential for students to get enough nutrients for healthy development and growth. With lack of nutrients, their learning ability might be reduced. Recently one particular school has removed the sale of junk food and soft drink in canteen and there are significance improvements in student’s behaviour in class. Students become much calmer after lunch time (The Food Show 2005).By banning the sale of junk food, school can educate and promote the students about the good nutrition and good eating habits as well. After all, school is the one who responsible for the welfare and safety of students including their health.

Text Production Essay [FINAL]

Global warming occurs due to a phenomenon known as greenhouse effect. A large carbon dioxide emission into the atmosphere leads to more suns’s heat gets trapped. This make the Earth become hotter than it would be. Earth's temperature has increased quite a number over the last century and carbon dioxide emissions from burning fossil fuels have increased almost exponentially. According to Riebeek (2007), these greenhouse gases had caused temperature to rise between 0.6°C and 0.9°C over the past century.

One of the significant effects of global warming is the rises in ocean temperature. According to the film An Inconvenient Truth (2007), as the temperature of Earth increases, so does ocean. The temperature of ocean keep increasing and in consequences, more big hurricanes are induced such as Hurricane Dennis that did damaged in the oil industry and not forgotten Hurricane Katrina that hit New Orleans in 2005. In 2004 the first hurricane hit Brazil which the scientist believed it was impossible to happen at first place.

In addition, the water will increase in volume as it is expands when warms. According to Woodford (2006), this will lead to increase in sea level. The near sea level cities such as Florida and California might has the tendency end up disappear underwater. Another effect is North and South Poles are warming greatly (Woodford 2006). Sea ice in the Arctic has reduced by about 8 percent over the last 30 years. At here, some glaciers are melting rapidly, which lead to great rises in sea-level. There are greater snowfall which is building up glaciers in some places while at the same time there is being eroded elsewhere. Due to the increase in temperature, the Larsen-B Ice Shelf on the Antarctic Peninsula completely collapsed just over 35 days in 2002 (An Inconvenient Truth 2007).

Ironically, global warming not only causes flood but also more droughts occurs (An Inconvenient Truth 2007).This situation can be seen in China where some parts having flood and drought at the same time. In Africa, Darfur and Niger experienced lack of rainfall as well increase in drought. In addition, due to the rainfall and drought, it is much easier to grow crops in some places but not in other places. The world’s poorest people such as Africa are predicted to be greatly affected.

Besides that, pests and diseases are predicted to spread much faster than before. Mosquitos, for example, breed faster in warmer climates, spreading diseases to more people. To worst, malaria is expected to spread much more widely, placing world's people at risk as reported by Woodford (2006). There are so called 30 new diseases that emerged in the last quarter of century (An Inconvenient Truth 2007). As global warming gathers pace, many parts of Earth will see their climate change drastically. The poles may turn out becoming too warm for many of the creatures that live there. If the climate change happened slowly, things would have time to adapt to the surrounding. But the problem rise when there is rapid climate change. All these living things may not be able to adapt quickly enough to the new climate change. They will be eventually extinct in the end (Riebeek 2007).

There are many steps that we can take to stop or at least reduce the effect of global warming. We can use more efficient electricity appliances and renewable energy (An Inconvenient Truth 2007). Instead using the incandescent lamps in your home we can use energy-saving fluorescent lamps. Plus, we can at least try to bicycle, walk, or take the bus instead of using car (Woodford 2006). All these things are very easy to do and will make an immediate difference to our world.

Thanks to us, the global warming is getting worsen from time to time. But this does not mean we cannot stop it from happening. It is our responsibility because we are the one to blame for. So, we have to start from now on to reduce the emissions of carbon dioxide in air thus minimize the effect of global warming. 'The solutions are in our hands, we just have to have the determination to make it happen.’ (An Inconvenient Truth 2007). It is never too late to start now.

Text Production Essay # Second Draft woo~

Global warming occurs due to a phenomenon known as greenhouse effect. A large carbon dioxide emission into the atmosphere leads to more suns’s heat get trapped.This make the Earth become hotter than it would be. Earth's temperature has increased quite a number over the last century and carbon dioxide emissions from burning fossil fuels has increased almost exponentially. According to Holli Riebeek (2007), these greenhouse gases had caused temperature to rise between 0.6°C and 0.9°C over the past century.

Now, as time goes by, we can see some of the effects of global warming in terms of climate change. According to the film An Inconvenient Truth (2007), as the temperature of Earth increases, so does ocean. The temperature of ocean keep increasing and in consequences, more big hurricanes are induced such as Hurricane Dennis that did damaged in the oil industry and not forgotten Hurricane Katrina that hit New Orleans in 2005. In 2004 the first hurricane hit Brazil which the scientist believed it was impossible to happen at first place. Besides, the water will increase in volume as it is expands when warms. According to Woodford (2006), this will lead to increase in sea level. The near sea level cities such as Florida and California might has the tendency end up disappear underwater. Another effect is North and South Poles are warming greatly (Woodford 2006). Sea ice in the Arctic has reduced by about 8 percent over the last 30 years.At here, some glaciers are melting rapidly, which lead to great rises in sea-level. There are greater snowfall which is building up glaciers in some places while at the same time there are being eroded elsewhere.Due to the increase in temperature, the Larsen-B Ice Shelf on the Antarctic Peninsula completely collapsed just over 35 days in 2002 (An Inconvenient Truth 2007).

Ironically, global warming not only causes flood but also more droughts occurs (An Inconvenient Truth 2007).This situation can be seen in China where some parts having flood and drought at the same time.In Africa, Darfur and Niger experienced lack of rainfall as well increase in drought. In addition, due to the rainfall and drought, it is much easier to grow crops in some places but not in other places. The world’s poorest people such as Africa are predicted to be greatly affected. Pests and diseases are predicted to spread much faster than before. Mosquitos, for example, breed faster in warmer climates, spreading diseases to more people.To worst, malaria is expected to spread much more widely, placing world's people at risk as reported by Woodford (2006). There are so called 30 new diseases that emerged in the last quarter of century (An Inconvenient Truth 2007). As global warming gathers pace, many parts of Earth will see their climate change drastically.The poles may turn out becoming too warm for many of the creatures that live there. If the climate change happened slowly, things would have time to adapt to the surrounding. But the problem rise when there is rapid climate change.All these living things may not be able to adapt quickly enough to the new climate change.They will be eventually extinct in the end (Riebeek 2007).

There are many steps that we can take to stop or at least reduce the effect of global warming. We can use more efficient electricity appliances and renewable energy (An Inconvenient Truth 2007). Instead using the incandescent lamps in your home we can use energy-saving fluorescent lamps. Plus, we can at least try to bicycle, walk, or take the bus instead of using car (Woodford 2006). All these things are very easy to do and will make an immediate difference to our world.

Thanks to us, the global warming is getting worsen from time to time.But this does not mean we cannot stop it from happening.It is our responsibility because we are the one to blame for.So, we have to start from now on to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide in air thus minimize the effect of global warming. 'The solutions are in our hands, we just have to have the determination to make it happen.’ (An Inconvenient Truth 2007). It is never too late to start now.

[Text Production Essay] 1st Draft

Global warming occurs due to a phenomenon known as greenhouse effect.A large carbon dioxide emission into the atmosphere leads to more suns’s heat get trapped.This make the Earth become hotter than it would be.Earth's temperature has increased quite a number over the last century and carbon dioxide emissions from burning fossil fuels have increased almost exponentially.

Now,as time goes by,we can see some of the effects of global warming in terms of climate change.As Earth getting warmer, so does oceans.It is quite slowly but yet significantly.The water will increase in volume as it is expands when warms.Thus this lead to increase in sea level.Also when glaciers occur and ice sheets melt,the sea level rises.We may not take it seriously if we live in the center of a country or up on high ground.But do mind if we live near sea level such as Florida,our home might end up disappear underwater.

Another effect is North and South Poles are warming greatly.Sea ice in the Arctic has reduced by about 8 percent over the last 30 years.Antarctica which is located at South Pole, contains around 90 percent of the world's ice.At here, some glaciers are melting rapidly, which lead to great rises in sea level.There are greater snowfall which is building up glaciers in some places while at the same time there are eroded taking place.As global warming gathers pace, many parts of Earth will see their climate change significantly.The poles may turn out becoming too warm for many of the creatures that live there. If the climate change happened slowly, things would have time to adapt to the surrounding. But the problem stood up when there is rapid climate change.All these living things may not be able to adapt quickly enough with this new climate change.They will be extinct in the end.

What is happening at the North Pole might seem remote and unimportant for us, but surprisingly we are likely to feel the effects of climate change much closer to home.Floods are likely to plague some countries, droughts others. Ironically, even in a world of rising sea levels and often more severe rainfall, many more people are expected to suffer severe water shortages in other areas.Besides,there will be easier to grow food in some places, but not for others. Pests and diseases are predicted to spread much faster than before. Mosquitos, for example, breed faster in warmer climates, spreading diseases to more people.To worst, malaria is expected to spread much more widely, placing world's people at risk.

There are many steps that we can take to stop or at least reduce the effect of global warming. This means that we reduce the emission of carbon dioxide into the air. We can simply start this practices at home.Plus we can use devices or equipments that have better technology that consume less energy.Instead using the incandescent lamps in your home we can use energy-saving fluorescent lamps.Switch our utility to a new one that is made or generate from renewable energy. Or maybe sometime we can at least try to bicycle, walk, or take a bus instead of using car.We also can try put on a jumper instead of turning on the heating and open windows instead of using the air conditioner.All these things are very easy to do and will make an immediate difference to our world.

Thanks to us, the global warming is getting worsen from time to time.But this does not mean we cannot stop it from happening.It is our responsible because we are the one to blame for.So, we have to start from now on to ensure that the emission of carbon dioxide in air is reduce thus minimize the effect of global warming.It is never too late to start now.

Sydney Harbour ferries face night speed limit after Merinda crash

SYDNEY Harbour ferries face a night speed limit under safety measures recommended today after a coronial inquiry into a collision that killed four people.
A group of professional ice skaters, judges and their families - aged between six and 80 - were on a late night cruise when their boat, the Merinda, and a HarbourCat ferry, Pam Burridge, collided under the bridge on March 28, 2007.
Deputy State Coroner Hugh Dillon said the crash, which left the Merinda torn in half, was the result of both individual and systemic failure.
Skating star Morgan Innes, 14, elite skating judge Simone Moore, NSW Ice Skating Association president Alan Blinn, and Mr Blinn's friend James Engert were killed in the crash.
Mr Dillon told Glebe Coroners Court in Sydney conditions on the night had been “near perfect” and that neither the crew of the Merinda nor of the Pam Burridge kept a proper lookout.
He found the Merinda did not have any navigation lights on at the time of the crash and that the Pam Burridge had been speeding, although he could not determine by how much.
Mr Dillon made 24 recommendations, including a night speed limit for ferries on the harbour and for Sydney Ferries to review its safety culture.
Where possible, Mr Dillon advocated that radio traffic generated by Sydney Ferries also be recorded and archived for a suitable period, along with a “unified national regulatory approach” to boat lighting and licensing.
The recommendations also put forward the need for an online complaints section for the NSW Maritime website where boat operators can report “serious breaches of marine rules and legislation”.
In emotional scenes outside the court, Morgan Innes's father Robert said he was happy the three-year journey was finally over.
Mr Innes said he did not want to make a scapegoat out of anyone in the case and was pleased there were not recommendations for any charges to be laid.
“Really you've got to keep in mind that on the one hand I have (lost) my friends and family that I love very dearly but on the other you've got a ferry master with a wife and two young children so there's no winner here,” Mr Innes said.
“At the end of the day nothing is going to bring Morgan back.
“We've all just got to keep on and keep Sydney Ferries diligent to safety ... it's up to the commuter public and boaties to report people doing the wrong thing.”
Paul Moore, husband of another victim Simone, said he hoped the coroner's recommendations would be implemented.
“I certainly hope so because Sydney Harbour should be a place were tragedy shouldn't happen,” Mr Moore said.
“I would not want any other family to endure what I and my family have had to go through and I just hope this never happens again because it is just too difficult to bear.”

Judge refuses murder accused bail

CLICK on the title to read the news.Supreme Court Justice Timothy Anderson had refused the bail on Angelika Gavare.The 34-year-old woman had been accused of killing an Adelaide pensioner.The victim, 83-year-old Vonne Mcglynn was killed and her body parts were disposed in a nearby creek.Her torso has been recovered but her heads and hands are still missing.The woman was alleged broke into Ms Mcglynn's house in December 2008 and killed her.The decision made by the judge to revoke the murder's bail came after the Adelaide Magistrates Court decision to release Gavare on home detention bail.The judge said that she should not be released on bail.Besides, it was reported that the murder had no job and had mental health problem.